The Architecture of Conquest

This is the gallery component of our Architecture of Conquest blog, exploring the interplay between Christian and Zuni architectural styles.

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Native Americans

Spanish Colonial

View of Walpi Pueblo, First Mesa, Arizona, shows: adobe and masonry dwellings overlooking a wide valley; stone corrals at the base of the steep rock walls.

View of north house cluster, Taos Pueblo, New Mexico; shows Native American (Taos) adobe dwellings, ovens, and Pueblo Peak and the Taos Mountains.

View of the mission church, Santa Ana Pueblo, New Mexico, an adobe building with vigas and twin belltowers topped with crosses. Shows a Native American and a white man wearing a short sleeved shirt and hat.

View of Taos Pueblo, New Mexico; shows Native American (Taos Pueblo) adobe walls, a tower with arches, and a lamp.

Church at Native American (Tewa) Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico, southwest view. Shows adobe mission with a scalloped facade and center belfry; gravemarkers in courtyard. Native American (Santa Clara Pueblo) man stands by the church entrance. He wears a shirt, pants, and vest.

View of Taos Pueblo, New Mexico; shows a Native American (Taos Pueblo) man, scaffolds, adobe pueblo dwellings, and drying laundry.

View from the side of the adobe St. Francis of Assisi church in Ranchos de Taos (Taos County), New Mexico. Shows an adobe wall with a doorway and window, wooden vigas, and two bell towers with crosses on top.

View of mission ruins and graves at Taos, New Mexico; a Native American (Taos Pueblo) poses in a blanket. Adobe pueblo dwellings and Pueblo Peak are in the background.

Men pose in the entrance or narthex of the adobe Church of San Miguel in Santa Fe (Santa Fe County), New Mexico. One man, a priest, wears a cassock. The church has tapered towers with wooden railings and battlements along the roof line of the nave. Shows wooden lintels above the entrance and a wooden ladder at the side of the church.

View of Taos Pueblo, New Mexico; shows adobe pueblo dwellings, hornos (bee-hive ovens), Pueblo Peak, and Native Americans (Taos).

View of the Native American pueblo of Isleta, New Mexico, shows San Augustine church which features twin towers with louvered vents, adobe walls, a cross, and double doors. A ladder leans against the building; other adobe buildings nearby.

View of the Mission of San Buenaventura in Cochiti Pueblo, New Mexico, shows an adobe building with a central parapet and bell flanked by two, smaller, twin parapets, an open balcony, and an entry gate that opens to a courtyard in front of the church.

View of Mission Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe in Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico. Shows an adobe mission with a belfry and two bells, a balcony with railing over the entrance, a center support post under the balcony, vigas, and walled courtyard. Multi-story pueblo dwellings are in the distance.

View of the old mission church and convent at the Native American, Acoma Pueblo, show a few men posing on balconies of the weathered adobe structure.

View of the Native American (Anasazi) Tyuonyi ruins in Pajarito Park (later Bandelier National Monument), New Mexico. A circular group of foundations of Pueblo style buildings circumscribe possibly three round kiva holes. A wooden rail fence separates the excavated ruins from trees and bushes growing on the adjacent mountains. A dirt road leads to the ruins.

A row of small buildings of the Laguna Pueblo in New Mexico is shown from the back. Wooden ladders lead to the upper levels of the structures. The windows and doors are framed with wood. The surface of the ground is composed of large slabs of rock. Small mounds, probably ovens, stand a few feet behind the buildings. Additional mesas, including the "Enchanted Mesa," are in the distance.

Interior view of a Native American Hopi Pueblo kiva, Third Mesa, Arizona, shows an altar set for a sacred ceremony with fetishes, corn cobs, animal skulls, baskets, bells, feathers and pottery.

Indians, Pueblo, Laguna, missions

View of Long House Ruin, Native American (Anasazi) talus cliff dwelling, at Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico. Ladders lean against the tuff dwellings which have holes for vigas.

View of Native American (Anasazi) cliff dwelling ruins at Balcony House in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. Shows multi-story buildings with windows and stone sills beneath a rock wall. A man, probably a guide, stands near a viga.

The front of the Church of San Jose at the Laguna Pueblo in New Mexico has a large bell tower with two bells and a large cross. A large window is centered over the large, wooden door; a smaller entrance is in the adjacent one-story section of the church. The adobe surface is cracked in several areas, particularly above the main door and window. The church is dated at approximately 1699.

View of the entrance to a Native American (Anasazi) underground kiva in Pajarito Park (later Bandelier National Monument), New Mexico. A long wooden ladder protrudes from a square entrance to the ruins of a cylindrical stone kiva set inside a Bandelier tuff cave. The kiva possibly stands in the side of a cliff.

View of the Native American Laguna Pueblo Indian mission Church of San Jose, New Mexico, shows an adobe building with walled burial ground, stepped parapet, two bells and a cross.

Native American (Pueblo, Zuni) children and women and white men and women stand on and near adobe and stone cluster homes at Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico. The buildings have chimney pots, vigas, and wooden ladders.

View of a mission church in the Native American pueblo of Isleta, New Mexico, shows twin bell towers with louvered vents and crosses on top, adobe wall construction, and a pile of adobe bricks.

View looking east over Acoma Pueblo, Acoma Mesa, New Mexico, shows Pueblo Native Americans, multi-story adobe house blocks with ladders, vigas, chimneys, pottery, chickens, firewood and surrounding buttes and mesas.

Church at Native American (Tewa) Nambe Pueblo, New Mexico; an adobe mission with double wood doors, three point facade and center belfry, balcony, attached structure and a picket fenced courtyard.

A Native American (Hopi) woman stands near a group of adobe cluster homes at Oraibi Pueblo, Arizona. The homes have chimney pots and wooden vigas.

View of San Esteban del Rey de Acoma, a mission church, and the convento (convent) at Acoma Pueblo, New Mexico. The buildings are constructed of adobe and stone. The church has two bell towers; the two-story convent is attached to the mission building and has a balcony with a wooden railing and stone buttresses. Girls stand near the buildings.

View of Walpi, Arizona, a Native American (Hopi) stone and adobe pueblo settlement; shows people, a burro, and the sandstone cliffs of the mesa.

View of an adobe Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe mission church at Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico. Native American (Zuni) men pose in the entrance and on a second floor balcony. The church has two bells in a central belfry, worn battlements on towers, and vigas near the roof line of the nave. A cross and altar are in the walled courtyard. A man, probably a member of the survey crew, leans against an adobe wall.

View of an adobe mission building in the Native American pueblo of San Felipe, New Mexico, shows twin bell towers, a second floor balcony, and double doors flanked by representations of horses.